Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a gastrointestinal disorder of unclear etiology that is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the stomach and small intestine, and consists of mucosal, muscular, and serosal subtypes. Eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract is a fundamental histopathological characteristic of EGE and is driven by several T-helper type 2 (Th2)-dependent cytokines and induced by food allergy. Due to the lack of a diagnostic gold standard, EGE has a high rate of delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. However, several new diagnostic strategies have been developed, such as novel genetic biomarkers and imaging tests. Although dietary therapy and corticosteroids remain the common choices for EGE treatment, recent decades have seen the emergence of novel treatment alternatives, such as biologics that target particular molecules involved in the pathogenic process. Preliminary investigations and clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of biologics and provided additional insights for the era of refractory or corticosteroid-dependent EGE biologics.

Network Meta-analysis of oral Chinese patent medicine in adjuvant treatment of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various oral Chinese patent medicines in the adjuvant treatment of rotavirus gastroenteritis(RVGE) in children based on network Meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trial(RCT) of oral Chinese patent medicine in the adjuvant treatment of RVGE in children was retrieved from the databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, and Web of Science from database inception to October 22, 2022. The quality of the included RCT was evaluated according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and the data were analyzed by RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16 software. Sixty-three RCTs were included, with 11 oral Chinese patent medicines involved, including Xingpi Yanger Granules, Weichang'an Pills, Qiuxieling Mixture, Erxieting Granules, and Changyanning Granules/Syrup. The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that in terms of clinical total effective rate, the top 3 optimal interventions were Changyanning Granules/Syrup, Xiaoer Guangpo Zhixie Oral Liquid, and Xiaoer Shuangjie Zhixie Granules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of the anti-diarrheal time, the top 3 optimal interventions were Shenling Baizhu Granules, Qiuxieling Mixture, and Shuangling Zhixie Oral Liquid combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of the antiemetic time, the top 3 optimal interventions were Changyanning Granules/Syrup, Xingpi Yanger Granules, and Xiaoer Shuangjie Zhixie Granules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of the antipyretic time, the top 3 optimal interventions were Shenling Baizhu Granules, Xiaoer Shuangjie Zhixie Granules, and Qiuxieling Mixture combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of the negative conversion rate of rotavirus, the top 3 optimal interventions were Xingpi Yanger Granules, Erxieting Granules, and Cangling Zhixie Oral Liquid combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of reducing creatine kinase isoenzyme MB(CK-MB) level, the top 3 optimal interventions were Weichang'an Pills, Xingpi Yanger Granules, and Xiaoer Shuangjie Zhixie Granules combined with conventional western medicine. In terms of adverse reactions, no se-rious adverse reactions were reported in all studies. Oral Chinese patent medicines in the adjuvant treatment of children with RVGE have their own advantages, Specifically, Changyanning Granules/Syrup + conventional western medicine focuses on improving the clinical total effective rate and shortening the antiemetic time, Shenling Baizhu Granules + conventional western medicine on shortening the anti-diarrheal time and antipyretic time, Xingpi Yanger Granules + conventional western medicine on improving the negative conversion rate of rotavirus, and Weichang'an Pills + conventional western medicine on reducing the CK-MB level. Limited by the quantity and quality of literature included in this study, the results need to be verified by high-quality RCT with a larger sample size.

Determining the protective effects of Ma-Mu-Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules against acute DSS-induced enteritis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal metabolomics / 中国天然药物

Ma-Mu-Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules (MMRAC) is traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to treat diarrhea caused by acute enteritis (AE) and bacillary dysentery in Xinjiang (China) for many years. However, the potential therapeutic mechanism of MMRAC for AE and its regulatory mechanism on host metabolism is unclear. This study used fecal metabolomics profiling with GC/MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of MMRAC on a dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced mouse model of AE. Fecal metabolomics-based analyses were performed to detect the differentially expressed metabolites and metabolic pathways. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis was used to assess the altered gut microbes at the genus level and for functional prediction. Moreover, Pearson correlation analysis was used to integrate differentially expressed metabolites and altered bacterial genera. The results revealed that six intestinal bacteria and seven metabolites mediated metabolic disorders (i.e., metabolism of amino acid, carbohydrate, cofactors and vitamins, and lipid) in AE mice. Besides, ten altered microbes mediated the differential expression of eight metabolites and regulated these metabolisms after MMRAC administration. Overall, these findings demonstrate that AE is associated with metabolic disorders and microbial dysbiosis. Further, we present that MMRAC exerts protective effects against AE by improving host metabolism through the intestinal flora.

Enterite mesentérica como complicação rara do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico / Mesenteric enteritis as a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus

A dor abdominal no paciente com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico tem amplo espectro clínico, variando desde condições inespecí- ficas, como diarreia e vômitos, até eventos de importante morbi- mortalidade, como o abdome agudo inflamatório e/ou perfura- tivo. A seguir, descreve-se um caso de paciente do sexo feminino, de 23 anos, internada por dor abdominal associada a vômitos e à diarreia crônica e progressiva. Foi diagnosticada com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico há 2 anos. Durante a internação, evoluiu com quadro de abdome agudo, e foi realizada tomografia compu- tadorizada de abdome, revelando importante edema de parede intestinal difuso. Isso, somado a alterações clínico-laboratoriais, permitiu o diagnóstico de enterite lúpica. Foi realizado tratamen- to conservador, com corticoterapia e terapia de suporte com correção de distúrbios eletrolíticos severos, sendo iniciado ciclo- fosfamida, com resolução dos sintomas gastrintestinais.

Abdominal pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from nonspecific symp- toms, such as diarrhea and vomiting, to events of significant morbidity and mortality, such as acute inflammatory and/or per- forating abdomen. This article describes a case of a 23-year-old female patient hospitalized for abdominal pain, associated with vomiting and progressive chronic diarrhea. She was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus 2 years ago. During hospita- lization, the patient progressed with acute abdomen, and an ab- dominal computed tomography scan was performed, revealing major diffuse intestinal wall edema. This, added to clinical and laboratories alterations, allowed the diagnosis of lupus enteritis. A conservative treatment with corticotherapy and supportive therapy with correction of severe electrolyte disturbances were initiated, as well as the prescription of cyclophosphamide, with resolution of gastrointestinal symptoms.

Histopathology and microscopic morphology of protozoan and metazoan parasites of free ranging armadillos in Brazil / Histopatologia e morfologia microscópica de parasitos protozoários e metazoários de tatus de vida livre no Brasil

This study assessed microscopic morphology of protozoan and metazoan parasites, as well as parasite-associated histopathologic changes in five Brazilian free-ranging armadillos. Three armadillos had intra sarcolemmal cysts of Sarcocystis sp. in skeletal muscles without microscopic changes. One Dasypus novemcinctus was found parasitized with a nematode morphologically compatible with an oxyurid in the small intestine. One Dasypus sp. had neutrophilic enteritis associated with adult and larval stages of Strongyloides sp. and one D. novemcinctus had multiple embryonated eggs free in the lumen of the small intestine with mild neutrophilic enteritis. These findings represent a contribution for expanding our knowledge on parasitic diseases of armadillos.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou a morfologia microscópica de parasitos protozoários e metazoários, bem como lesões associadas ao parasitismo em cinco tatus de vida livre no Brasil. Três tatus tinham cistos de Sarcocystis sp. Intra-sarcolemal em músculos esqueléticos sem alterações microscópicas. Um Dasypus novemcinctus estava parasitado com um nematodo morfologicamente compatível com oxiurideo no intestino delgado. Um Dasypus sp. apresentou enterite neutrofílica associada com estágios larvais de Strongyloides sp. e um D. novemcinctus apresentou múltiplos ovos embrionados livres no lúmen do intestino delgado, associado a enterite neutrofílica discreta. Estes achados representam uma contribuição para a expansão do conhecimento sobre doenças parasitárias de tatus.(AU)

Recurrent abdominal pain, peritoneal effusion, and eosinophilia in a boy aged 17 years / 中国当代儿科杂志

A boy, aged 17 years, was admitted again due to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and eosinophilia for 3 years, which worsened for 3 days. Three years ago, the boy suffered from abdominal pain and diarrhea after eating yogurt; color Doppler ultrasound showed a large amount of peritoneal effusion, and routine blood test, bone marrow cell morphology, and ascites histological examination showed a large number of eosinophils. Three days ago, he was admitted again due to abdominal pain and diarrhea. The gastrointestinal endoscopy showed eosinophil infiltration in the angle of stomach. The boy was diagnosed with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease (eosinophilic gastroenteritis). He was improved after the treatment with glucocorticoids and dietary avoidance, and no recurrence was observed during the one-year follow-up. It is concluded that for children who attend the hospital due to gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, if there is an increase in peripheral blood eosinophils, it is necessary to consider the possibility of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, and eosinophil infiltration and abnormal eosinophil count in gastrointestinal tissue based on endoscopic biopsy may be the key to diagnosis.

Predictive factors for glucocorticoid therapy in children with eosinophilic gastroenteritis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the predictive factors for glucocorticoid therapy by analyzing the association between the clinical features and treatment regimens in children with eosinophilic gastroenteritis.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 182 children with eosinophilic gastroenteritis who were admitted to Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2012 to December 2020. According to whether glucocorticoids were used, these children were divided into a glucocorticoid treatment group and a control group. The two groups were compared in terms of age, history of allergy, clinical symptoms, laboratory examination results, endoscopic findings, and pathological results of gastrointestinal mucosa. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the results with statistical significance.@*RESULTS@#Of the 182 children, 36 (19.8%) received glucocorticoid therapy. The rates of hematochezia, anemia, and mucosal ulceration/luminal stenosis under endoscopy and the mucosal eosinophil infiltration count were significantly higher in the glucocorticoid treatment group than those in the control group (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Mucosal ulceration/luminal stenosis under endoscopy or a significant increase in the mucosal eosinophil infiltration count based on pathology suggests that glucocorticoid therapy can be considered in children with eosinophil gastroenteritis.

Abnormal thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in the gastrointestinal mucosa of patients with eosinophilic gastroenteritis / Expressão anormal da linfopoietina estromal tímica na mucosa gastrointestinal depacientes com gastroenterite e osinofílica

Abstract Objective: To investigate the differential expression of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin isoforms, short and long, and discern their biological implications under eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Methods: The expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and its two isoforms in tissues was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR in healthy controls (n = 24) and patients with eosinophilic gastroenteritis (n = 17). Results: Thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA was significantly reduced in eosinophilic gastroenteritis when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.0001). A significantly lower amount of short thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA was observed in eosinophilic gastroenteritis when compared with controls (p < 0.05), while a significantly higher amount of long thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA was observed in eosinophilic gastroenteritis when compared with controls (p < 0.05). Peak eosinophilic count is significantly positively correlated with the expression of long thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA in the gastrointestinal mucosal of patients with eosinophilic gastroenteritis (r s = 0.623, p < 0.005), while peak eosinophilic count is significantly negatively correlated with the expression of short thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA in the gastrointestinal mucosal of patients with eosinophilic gastroenteritis (r s = −0.4474, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Abnormal mucosal thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression may contribute to gastrointestinal mucosa damage in eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a expressão diferencial das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica, curta e longa, e discernir suas implicações biológicas na gastroenterite eosinofílica. Métodos: Avaliamos a expressão das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica e suas duas isoformas através da técnica RT-PCR quantitativa em tecidos de controles saudáveis (n = 24) e pacientes com gastroenterite eosinofílica (n = 17). Resultados: Demonstramos que o RNAm das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica estava significativamente reduzido na gastroenterite eosinofílica em comparação com os controles saudáveis (p < 0,0001). Também descobrimos uma quantidade significativamente menor de RNAm das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica curta na gastroenterite eosinofílica em comparação com os controles (p < 0,05) e uma quantidade significativamente maior de RNAm das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica longa na gastroenterite eosinofílica em comparação com os controles (p < 0,05). O pico da contagem eosinofílica está correlacionado positiva e significativamente com a expressão do RNAm das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica longa na mucosa gastrointestinal de pacientes com gastroenterite eosinofílica (rs = 0,623, p < 0,005), enquanto o pico de contagem eosinofílica está negativa e significativamente correlacionado com a expressão do RNAm das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica curta na mucosa gastrointestinal de pacientes com gastroenterite eosinofílica (rs = -0,4474, p < 0,05). Conclusões: A expressão anormal das isoformas da linfopoietina estromal tímica na mucosa pode contribuir para o dano da mucosa gastrointestinal na gastroenterite eosinofílica.

Enteritis por radiación: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Radiation enteritis. Case report and literature review

Resumen La enteritis por radiación es una patología causada por la radiación que se suministra durante el manejo de neoplasias radiosensibles. Esta enfermedad puede clasificarse en enteritis aguda o crónica, en las cuales es posible que se desarrollen síntomas por malabsorción u obstrucción intestinal, que alteran la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Presentamos el reporte de caso de un paciente masculino de 67 años, con antecedente de adenocarcinoma difuso con células en anillo de sello infiltrante y compromiso de todo el espesor de la pared gástrica, quien había recibido un manejo quirúrgico mediante gastrectomía total, asociado a quimio-radioterapia. El individuo consultó por síntomas de obstrucción intestinal. En principio, se consideró la existencia de una recaída tumoral. Sin embargo, se corroboró que los síntomas estaban relacionados con el compromiso causado por la radiación.

Abstract Radiation enteritis is a pathology caused by radiation therapy, used to treat radiosensitive tumors. Acute or chronic enteritis may be suspected in the presence of symptoms such as malabsorption or intestinal obstruction, which alter the patients quality of life. The following is the case report of a 67-year-old male patient, who consulted for symptoms of intestinal obstruction, with a history of diffuse type adenocarcinoma with infiltrating signet ring cells involving the entire thickness of the gastric wall. The patient underwent a total gastrectomy associated with chemoradiotherapy.

Enteritis eosinofílica. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Eosinophilic enteritis. Case presentation and literature review

RESUMEN La enteritis eosinofílica consiste en la presencia de infiltrados eosinofílicos en el tracto digestivo. Constituye en la actualidad una entidad rara que puede localizarse en cualquier región del tubo digestivo. Su etiopatogenia se desconoce y en muchas ocasiones se relaciona con antecedentes de atopia. Las manifestaciones clínicas varían en función de las capas afectadas. Se presentó el caso de un paciente de 26 años de edad, con antecedentes de haber sido operado de apendicitis aguda, en el año 2011. Llegó al Cuerpo de Guardia refiriendo dolor intenso, fijo; en fosa iliaca derecha, acompañado de fiebre de 39°C, con escalofríos y síntomas dispéptico. Se orientó ingreso y se le realizó una videoendoscopia, se observó gastritis antral eritematosa exudativa con test para Helicobacter pylori positivo. Además, una videolaparoscopia arrojando presencia de asas delgadas apelotonadas y adherencias no recientes en fosa iliaca derecha. A pesar del tratamiento empleado el paciente continuó con dolor y fiebre, por lo que se decidió indicarle una enteroscopia de doble balón con biopsia de íleon. Se informó que a nivel del colon presentaba una colitis crónica inespecífica y en el íleon una hiperplasia linfoide. El estudio histopatológico confirmó la colitis inespecífica y una eosinofilia moderada en íleon. Se indicó tratamiento con prednisona y mesalazina con mejoría notable del cuadro clínico, fue dado de alta con el diagnóstico de una enteritis eosinofílica, con seguimiento por consulta externa de gastroenterología. En la actualidad se mantiene asintomático (AU).

ABSTRACT Eosinophilic enteritis is the presence of eosinophilic infiltrates in the digestive tract. Currently it is a rare entity than could be located in any region of the digestive tract. Its etiopathogenesis is unknown and is related, in many cases, to antecedents of atopy, Clinical manifestations may vary according to the affected layer. The authors present the case of a patient aged 26 years, with antecedents of having undergone an acute appendicitis surgery in 2011. He arrived to Emergency referring intense, steady pain in the right iliac fossa, accompanied by a 39o C fever, chills and dyspeptic symptoms. He was admitted and a video endoscopy was carried out. An exudative erythematous antral gastritis was observed with a positive test for Helicobacter pylori. In addition, video laparoscopy also showed the presence of thin, lumped loops and no-recent adherences in the right iliac fossa. In spite of the applied treatment, the patient continued with pain and fever, so the doctors indicated a double-balloon enteroscopy with ileum biopsy. It was informed an unspecific chronic colitis at the colon level and a lymphoid hyperplasia in the ileum. The histopathologic study confirmed the unspecific colitis and a moderate eosinophilia in the ileum. A prednisone and mesalazine treatment was indicated with a notable improvement of the clinical characteristics. The patient was discharged diagnosed with a eosinophilic enteritis and follow-up in out-patient consultation of Gastroenterology. Currently he keeps on asymptomatic (AU).

Enteritis eosinofílica, una causa extraña de abdomen agudo. reporte de caso clínico / Eosinophilic enteritis, a strange cause of acute abdomen Clinical case report

La enteritis eosinofílica, es una patología rara, caracterizada por infiltración de eosinófilos en una o más capas histológicas en diferentes niveles del tracto gastrointestinal, siendo el estómago e intestino delgado los más afectados; su cuadro clínico, inespecífico, caracterizado por dolor abdominal, náusea, vómito, diarrea o estreñimiento, pérdida de peso y ascitis, con presencia o ausencia de eosinofilia en la biometría. Reporte de caso Paciente masculino de 51 años de edad, acudió a emergencia por distensión abdominal y náusea, al examen físico en la palpación intenso dolor y distención abdominal, percusión timpánico y abolición de ruidos hidroaéreos. La analítica reportó leucocitosis con neutrofilia, radiografía de abdomen íleo adinámico, en la ecografía abdominal presencia de imágenes tubulares con aspecto de diana, asociado a líquido libre purulento en fosa ilíaca derecha y fondo de saco vésico rectal. Un cuadro clínico compatible con abdomen agudo de resolución quirúrgica, se realizó laparotomía exploratoria (AU);

The eosinophilic enteritis is a rare pathology, characterized by infiltration of eosinophils in one or more histological layers at different levels of the gastrointestinal tract, the stomach and small intestine being the most affected; its nonspecific clinical picture, characterized by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss and ascites, with the presence or absence of eosinophilia in the biometry. Enteritis eosinofílica, una causa extraña de abdomen agudo. reporte de caso clínico Eosinophilic enteritis, a strange cause of acute abdomen year-old male patient came to the emergency room due to abdominal distention and nausea, to physical examination on palpation, intense abdominal pain and distention, tympanic percussion and abolition of air-fluid sounds. Laboratory analysis reported leukocytosis with neutrophilia, abdominal ileus adynamic radiography, abdominal ultrasound presence of tubular images with a target appearance, associated with free purulent fluid in the right iliac fossa and rectal vesicum fundus. A clinical picture compatible with an acute abdomen with surgical resolution, an exploratory laparotomy was performed (AU);

Obstrucción intestinal secundaria a enteritis por radiación: reporte de un caso / Bowel obstruction secondary to radiation enteritis: A case report

La enteritis por radiación o enteritis actínica es una complicación secundaria al uso de radioterapia para tratamiento de tumores pélvicos, que puede afectar con mayor frecuencia al intestino delgado (principalmente íleon) y al colon. La cirugía en pacientes con enteritis por radiación crónica debe reservarse ante la presencia de complicaciones, ya que está relacionada con una alta morbilidad y estancia hospitalaria prolongadas, así como posibilidad de re operación. Exponemos el caso de una paciente con oclusión intestinal secundaria a enteritis por radiación que desarrolló años después de la conclusión de su tratamiento por cáncer de cuello uterino, con el objetivo de que esta enfermedad sea sospechada en pacientes con antecedentes de radiación.

Radiation enteritis or actinic enteritis is a complication secondary to the use of radiotherapy to treat pelvic tumors, which can more frequently affect the small intestine (mainly ileum) and the colon. Surgery in patients with chronic radiation enteritis should be reserved in the presence of complications, since it is related to high morbidity and prolonged hospital stay, as well as the possibility of reoperation. We present the case of a patient with intestinal occlusion secondary to radiation enteritis who developed years after the conclusion of her treatment due to cervical cancer, with the objective that this disease has to be suspected in patients with history of radiation.

Gastric outlet obstruction as manifestation of eosinophilic gastroenteritis / Obstrucción gástrica como manifestación de gastroenteritis eosinofílica

RESUMEN La gastroenteritis eosinofílica (EG) es una entidad poco frecuente. Presentamos un varón de 55 años sin antecedentes de atopía ni alergia, que presentó dolor abdominal y vómitos. La tomografía computarizada abdominal y la ecoendoscopia demostraron engrosamiento de la pared gástrica con engrosamiento de la pared del duodeno superior, sin masa definida ni colección de líquido. La endoscopia gastrointestinal confirmó engrosamiento de pliegues prepilóricos y duodeno superior con estenosis luminal. Se realizó gastrectomía parcial por ausencia de diagnóstico definitivo y sospecha de posible malignidad y diagnóstico de obstrucción de la salida gástrica. La histopatología fue compatible con EG, tratada con un tratamiento con corticoides de 8 semanas de duración, mostró mejoría clínica, aumento de peso y normalización del recuento de eosinófilos en sangre periférica.

ABSTRACT Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare entity. We report a 55-year-old man had no previous atopy or allergic history, who presented abdominal pain and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopy ultrasonography demostrated gastric wall thickening with wall thickening of the superior duodenum, without defined mass or fluid collection. Gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed thickening of prepyloric folds and superior duodenum with luminal stenosis. Parcial gastrectomy was performed due to absence of definitive diagnosis and suspicion of possible malignancy and diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction. Histopathology was compatible with EG, treated with an 8-week long corticosteroid therapy, showed clinical improvement, weight gain and normalization of eosinophil count on peripheral blood.

Fatores Preditores de Complicações após Radioterapia Conformacional 3D em Pacientes com Adenocarcinoma de Próstata / Predictors of Complications following 3D Conformational Radiotherapy in Patients with Prostate Adenocarcinoma / Factores Predictores de Complicaciones después de la Radioterapia Conformacional 3D en Pacientes con Adenocarcinoma de Próstata

Introdução: O câncer de próstata é considerado a neoplasia maligna mais comum que acomete homens em todas as Regiões do país, à exceção do câncer de pele não melanoma. Se diagnosticado e tratado precocemente, o câncer de próstata tem alta taxa de cura; contudo, terapêuticas como a radioterapia podem gerar complicações agudas que podem impactar as atividades cotidianas. Apesar das complicações no pós-tratamento, a radioterapia tem sido um método bastante praticado e que apresenta resultados positivos, ocasionando melhoria da sobrevida livre de doença. Objetivo: Avaliar os principais fatores preditores de complicações agudas que acometem pacientes em tratamento radioterápico para câncer de próstata. Método: Para identificação de fatores preditores de complicações agudas pós-radioterapia, avaliaram-se, consecutiva e prospectivamente, 208 pacientes diagnosticados com adenocarcinoma de próstata tratados com radioterapia conformacional 3D em um centro referência vinculado ao SUS entre os anos 2016 e 2017. Realizou-se ainda avaliação retrospectiva de prontuários para coleta de dados adicionais. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, Anova e regressão logística ordinal. Resultados: Após análise da amostra, evidenciou-se que, entre as complicações agudas, as de maior incidência foram radiodermite, cistite e enterite/retite, de forma que tais complicações tiveram como fatores associados volume irradiado, tratamento prévio e sintomas prévios ao tratamento. Conclusão: O estudo sugere que, apesar da existência de complicações ao final do tratamento, a grande maioria é de baixa complexidade e que pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos prévios podem evoluir com presença de complicações mais graves.

Introduction: Prostate cancer is considered the most common malignancy that affects men in all regions of the country, except for non-melanoma skin cancer. If diagnosed and treated early, prostate cancer has a high cure rate; however, therapies such as radiotherapy can generate acute complications that can impact daily activities. Despite post-treatment complications, radiotherapy has been a widely practiced method and has shown positive results, leading to improved disease-free survival. Objective: To evaluate the main predictive factors for acute complications that affect patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Method: To identify predictive factors for acute post-radiotherapy complications, 208 patients diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma treated with 3D conformational radiotherapy were consecutively and prospectively evaluated at a referral center linked to SUS between the years 2016 and 2017. It was carried out retrospective evaluation of medical records to collect additional data. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact, Anova and ordinal logistic regression. Results: After analyzing the sample, it was evidenced that among the acute complications, those with the highest incidence were radiodermatitis, cystitis, enteritis/rectitis, so that these complications had associated predictive factors as irradiated volume, previous treatment and symptoms. Conclusion: The study suggests that despite the existence of complications at the end of the treatment, the vast majority are of low complexity and that the patients submitted to previous surgical procedures can evolve with the presence of more severe complications.

Introducción: El cáncer de próstata se considera la neoplasia maligna más común que afecta a los hombres en todas las regiones del país, con la excepción del cáncer de piel no melanoma. Si se diagnostica y trata temprano, el cáncer de próstata tiene una alta tasa de curación; sin embargo, las terapias como la radioterapia pueden generar complicaciones agudas que pueden afectar las actividades diarias. A pesar de las complicaciones posteriores al tratamiento, la radioterapia ha sido un método ampliamente practicado y ha mostrado resultados positivos, lo que lleva a una mejor supervivencia libre de enfermedad. Objetivo: Evaluar los principales predictores de complicaciones agudas que afectan a los pacientes sometidos a radioterapia para el cáncer de próstata. Método: Para identificar los factores predictivos de complicaciones agudas posteriores a la radioterapia, 208 pacientes diagnosticados con adenocarcinoma de próstata tratados con radioterapia conformacional 3D fueron evaluados consecutiva y prospectivamente en un centro de referencia vinculado al SUS entre los años 2016 y 2017. Se realizó evaluación retrospectiva de registros médicos para recopilar datos adicionales. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando la prueba de chi-cuadrado, exacta de Fisher, de Anova y la regresión logística ordinal. Resultados: Después de analizar la muestra, se evidenció que, entre las complicaciones agudas, las de mayor incidencia fueron radiodermatitis, cistitis, enteritis/retitis y síntomas obstructivos, por lo que estas complicaciones tenían factores predictivos asociados, como el volumen irradiado, el tratamiento previo y los síntomas. Conclusión: El estudio sugiere que a pesar de la existencia de complicaciones al final del tratamiento, la gran mayoría son de baja complejidad. Como factores predictivos encontrados, se puede mencionar el volumen irradiado, la existencia de tratamiento previo y los síntomas en la consulta inicial.

Radioactive Enteritis and Gut Microecology / 中国医学科学院学报

Radioactive enteritis(RE)is one of the most serious and common complications of intestinal tract caused by radiotherapy for malignant tumors in abdominal cavity,pelvic cavity,or retroperitoneum.Involved intestinal diseases are widespread,complex,and persistent,which make treatment difficult and ineffective.Short bowel syndrome can develop in some serious cases.Gut flora is the largest and most complex micro-ecosystem in human body and has a wide range of functions.Studies have shown that intestinal flora plays an important role in radiation-induced RE.This article summarizes recent research advances in the relationship between RE and gut flora.

Necrohemorrhagic enteritis outbreak in a cattle feedlot in Nova Crixás, Goiás, Brazil / Surto de enterite necro-hemorrágica em um confinamento de bovinos no município de Nova Crixás, Goiás, Brasil

This study described an outbreak of necrohemorrhagic enteritis in a beef cattle feedlot in Nova Crixás, State of Goiás, Brazil, with emphasis on epidemiological, lesional, and laboratory aspects. Visits to the property were carried out and a necroscopic examination was performed on the bovine cadavers (N=57), which presented similar macroscopic alterations. Epidemiological data were collected, mainly referring to the feeding management of animals, and tissue samples were submitted to histopathological examination. Samples of feces and intestinal contents were also collected for bacterial isolation and PCR genotyping to detect the etiological agent, being confirmed Clostridium perfringens type A strains in 100% of the samples. Furthermore, 33.3% of strains isolated from intestinal contents and 40% of those isolated from feces were positive for beta-2 encoding gene. Considering the history, macroscopic and microscopic findings, as well as bacterial isolation and PCR, the diagnosis of bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis was determined.(AU)

Descreve-se um surto de enterite necro-hemorrágica em um confinamento de bovinos de corte no município de Nova Crixás, Estado de Goiás, Brasil, com ênfase nos aspectos epidemiológicos, lesionais e laboratoriais. Foram realizadas visitas à propriedade e todos os cadáveres bovinos (N=57) foram submetidos ao exame necroscópico, os quais apresentaram alterações macroscópicas semelhantes. Foram compilados dados epidemiológicos, sobretudo referentes ao manejo alimentar dos animais e amostras de tecido foram submetidas a exame histopatológico. Foram colhidas, também, amostras de fezes e conteúdo intestinal para isolamento bacteriano e genotipagem por PCR para detecção do agente etiológico, sendo confirmadas estirpes de Clostridium perfringens tipo A em 100% das amostras. Ainda, 33,3% das cepas de Clostridium perfringens isoladas no conteúdo intestinal e 40% daquelas isoladas nas fezes foram positivas para o gene codificador da toxina beta-2. Considerando o histórico, os achados macroscópicos e microscópicos, o isolamento bacteriano e o PCR, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de enterite necro-hemorrágica por C. perfringens tipo A.(AU)

Dificultades en el diagnóstico de enteritis lúpica: presentación de un caso / Lupus enteritis: report of one case

In lupus enteritis, circulating pathological immune complexes and thrombosis of intestinal vessels may occur, resulting in acute abdominal pain. We report a 24-year-old woman without a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), admitted for abdominal pain. An exploratory laparotomy found an appendicitis along with ascites. An appendectomy was performed, and the patient was discharged from the hospital two days later. Three days after discharge, the patient was admitted to another hospital due to the persistence of abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed diffuse mesenteric congestion, concentric bowel loops (double halo or target sign) and the presence of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Suspecting a rheumatic disorder, the diagnosis of SLE was confirmed by immunological studies. The patient was treated with pulses of methylprednisolone with good results.